| 1. A client is placed on seizure precautions.
The nurse knows that an appropriate intervention for a grand mal
seizure is: |
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A. Insert a tongue blade between the teeth to prevent biting the tongue. |
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B. Apply restraints to prevent injury to the self. |
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C. Place the client in a supine position. |
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D. Place the head in a lateral position. |
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2. A 15-year-old client
fractured his tibia and several metatarsal bones. A cast has been applied;
it extends from the knee to the toes. The nurse
makes frequent assessments of which of the following: |
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A. Quality of the popliteal and femoral pulses. |
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B. Color, temperature and sensation in the toes. |
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C. Movement of the toes on both feet. |
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D. The pedal pulses in both lower extremities. |
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| 3. A client is on intravenous heparin therapy.
The nurse would keep which of the following drugs available as an antidote? |
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A. Vitamin K |
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B. Protamine sulfate |
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C. Epinephrine |
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D. Norepinephrine |
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| 4. A client is on chemotherapy for acute
myelogenous leukemia. The nurse assesses the following laboratory test
daily: |
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A. Complete blood count |
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B. Electrolyte panel |
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C. Prothrombin time |
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D. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine |
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| 5. A 44-year-old client is in acute congestive
heart failure. The nurse and client establish a goal of highest priority
as: |
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A. Rest mentally as well as physically. |
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B. Learn stress management |
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C. Train for a less demanding job |
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D. Prevent complications of immobility |
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| 6. A client diagnosed with insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus becomes irritable and confused; the skin is cool and
clammy, and the pulse rate is 110. The first
action of the nurse would be to: |
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A. Give a half-cup of orange juice |
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B. Check the serum glucose |
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C. Administer regular insulin |
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D. Call the physician |
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| 7. A 29-year-old client has been taking
prednisone 60 mg daily for an inflammatory condition for the past 6 months.
The physician just wrote an order to discontinue
the medication. The nurse should: |
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A. Stop the medication as ordered. |
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B. Continue the medication until the physician is available. |
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C. Call the physician and question the order. |
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D. Hold the medication until the physician is available. |
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| 8. A client is to have a nasogastric tube
removed. To prevent aspiration as the tube is pulled past the epiglottis,
the nurse asks the client to: |
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A. Use a cascade cough. |
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B. Take a deep breath. |
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C. Exhale and hold it. |
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D. Use the valsalva maneuver. |
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| 9. A 16-year-old client has nasal congestion,
a temperature of 103 degrees F, malaise and aching muscles. A nurse recommends
that the following medication be taken to
lower the temperature: |
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A. Aspirin |
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B. Enteric-coated aspirin |
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C. Tylenol |
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D. Anacin |
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| 10. A client started on amoxicillin (Amoxil)
at 9 a.m. At 9:30 a.m. the blood pressure drops and the client is dyspneic.
The nurse anticipates the need for: |
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A. Epinephrine |
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B. Glucagon |
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C. Cortisol |
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D. Aminophyllin |
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| 11. A client’s blood pressure drops and
he is gasping for air following an injection of penicillin. The nurse
establishes her first priority as: |
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A. Effective heart beat |
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B. Effective tissue perfusion |
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C. Normal acid-base balance |
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D. Open airway |
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| 12. A client is taking levathyroxine (Synthroid)
for hypothyroidism. The nurse teaches the client to: |
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A. Monitor the pulse regularly. |
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B. Restrict sodium in the diet. |
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C. Take the drug with meals. |
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D. Measure urinary output. |
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| 13. A client with NIDDM is admitted to
the hospital. The client is confused and has dry mucous membranes and
poor skin turgor. The serum sodium
is 149; the blood pressure 88/58; the pulse 118; and the serum glucose
465 mg/dl. The nurse anticipates that insulin and the
following will be needed: |
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A. A potassium drip |
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B. Sodium bicarbonate |
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C. Intravenous fluids |
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D. Calcium gluconate |
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| 14. A hospitalized client is found in a
coma. The skin is dry and flushed; Kussmaul respirations are noted and
the smell of acetone is on the breath.
The nurse prepares for the emergency treatment of: |
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A. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome. |
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B. Diabetic ketoacidosis |
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C. Hypoglycemia |
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D. Dawn phenomenon |
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| 15. A client has no bowel sounds and has
been vomiting for the last hour. The nurse places a nasogastric tube (as
ordered by the physician). In order
to estimate the distance to the beginning of the esophagus, this nurse
will measure the distance from the tip of the nose
to the: |
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A. Cough |
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B. Breathe deeply |
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C. Turn her head to the side |
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D. Perform the Valsalva maneuver |
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| 16. A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS) is receiving tube feedings and medications through a gastrotomy
tube. The nurse initiates a feeding
by aspirating gastric contents (for placement of the tube and for residual).
Sixty milliliters are obtained. The nurse should
handle the aspirate as follows: |
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A. Discard it |
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B. Return it to the stomach |
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C. Send it to the laboratory |
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D. Add it to the feeding |
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| 17. Morphine 10 mg and promethazine (Phenergan)
25 mg IM have been ordered for postoperative pain. On hand is morphine
12 mg/cc and promethazine 50
mg/2 cc. How many total cutic centimeters will the nurse administer: |
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A. 0.8 cc |
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B. 1.0 cc |
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C. 1.8 cc |
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D. 2.2 cc |
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| 18. A 50-year-old client admitted with
an onset of seizures. As the nurse observes the seizure, which is the
most important nursing action? |
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A. Have the side rails padded. |
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B. Place a padded tongue blade in the mouth. |
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C. Document the client’s level of consciousness. |
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D. Position client to maintain an open airway. |
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| 19. A 40-year-old female has been admitted
in end-stage renal failure. She is scheduled for a kidney transplant.
Which of the following is the
most critical preoperative nursing intervention for this client? |
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A. Monitor for urinary retention. |
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B. Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection. |
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C. Monitor emotional response to impending surgery. |
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D. Monitor nutritional status and encourage fluids. |
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| 20. A 26-year-old female is 2 days’ postoperative
for a right wrist repair following a motor vehicle accident. She has a
history of NKDA. Her doctor orders
IVPB piperacillin 500 mg tid. During infusion of her antibiotic, the client
becomes anxious, expresses feelings of doom, is diaphoretic,
and has dyspnea and nasal pruritus. Which of the following actions should
the nurse perform with this client? |
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A. Call the doctor. |
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B. Take the client’s vital signs. |
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C. Administer epinephrine IM, SQ or IV. |
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D. Stop the infusion. |
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| 21. A 76-year-old female with a history
of right-sided cerebral vascular accident 7 years ago has been transferred
to the unit from a nursing home.
During the assessment, the nurse finds a 4 cm hole in the left heel that
oozes a foul-smelling yellow fluid. The sore extends into the
muscle and has developed a black crust around the edges. The ulcer is
not painful to the client. The nurse would place this ulcer into
which of the following stages of skin breakdown? |
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A. I |
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B. II |
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C. III |
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D. IV |
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| 22. A 26-year-old female is admitted in
status epilepticus. The nurse anticipates the physician will order which
of the following as the drug of choice
for this condition? |
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A. Thiamine |
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B. 50% dextrose |
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C. Diazepam |
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D. Digoxin |
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| 23. A client with premature ventricular
contractions has been receiving procainamide hydrochloride (Pronestyl)
500 mg four times per day for
the past 8 months. Which sympton if experienced by the client would the
nurse recognize as needing immediate investigation? |
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A. Constipation |
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B. Dizziness |
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C. Shivering |
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D. Diarrhea |
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| 24. A nurse working in the cardiovascular
unit is observing the EKG strips of newly admitted clients. The nurse
observes one client who has a high
pointed P wave. The best action of the nurse based on this observation
is to: |
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A. Call the physician immediately for atrial fibrillation medication. |
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B. Call the nursing supervisor and order a cardiac arrest cart nearby. |
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C. Carefully assess and monitor the client for pulmonary disease. |
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D. Carefully assess and monitor the renal status and urinary output. |
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| 25. The client with a permanent pacemaker
has returned home and is being seen by the home health nurse. The nurse
notes an apical pulse rate of
50 and the rhythm is irregular. The client pacemaker code is set on 60.
The client has no other symptoms and is not short of
breath. The most appropriate action by the nurse is to: |
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A. Inform the hospital. |
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B. Inform his physician. |
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C. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram. |
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D. Do nothing because pulse rate is within normal limits. |
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| 26. A 71-year-old client is diagnosed with
right-sided congestive heart failure (CHF). Which assessment by the nurse
is most reflective of right-sided
CHF? |
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A. Tachypnea |
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B. Pink, frothy sputum |
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C. Korotkoff’s sounds |
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D. Distended jugular veins |